Algae and marine plants are the origin of petroleum formation, as oil resulted from the decomposition of these organisms and buried in the ocean floor, and then mixed with sediments, when the oceans dry and deposition of millions of layers over these residues and the contribution of both high heat and pressure in the absence of oxygen element produced hydrocarbons, which is the component These hydrocarbons contain carbon and hydrogen, and their composition differs in other petroleum derivatives due to the different pressure and heat value they form. The source of these residues and their composition affects the hydrocarbons formed. [1] Petroleum is composed of other chemical elements in addition to hydrogen formed (10-14)% and formed carbon (83-87)%, with nitrogen forming about 2%, sulfur 6% and oxygen 1.5%. Iron and nickel, but in very small quantities
